System and method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene

ABSTRACT

A system and computer-implemented method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene is provided. The system comprises one or more sensors configured to determine presence of one or more individuals in vicinity. The system further comprises one or more controllers configured to ascertain identity of the one or more individuals. The one or more controllers are further configured to send one or more alerts to the one or more identified individuals to wash their hands. Furthermore, the one or more controllers are configured to monitor one or more handwashing instances by the one or more identified individuals and generate one or more compliance results for each of the one or more monitored handwashing instances. The one or more controllers are also configured to initiate one or more actions corresponding to each of the one or more monitored handwashing instances based on the generated one or more compliance results.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/197,782, filed on Nov. 21, 2018 claimingpriority to Indian Patent Application No. 201841033184 filed on Sep. 4,2018, where the entire contents of both of said applications isincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to hand hygiene. Moreparticularly, the present invention provides a system and method forefficiently monitoring hand hygiene.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hand hygiene is defined as any method that removes dirt andmicroorganisms on hands. Hand hygiene is the most important and basicmeans of reducing the spread of infections. Therefore, it is imperativethat facilities such as healthcare, schools, food processing,restaurants etc. ensure effective hand hygiene in order to reducehygiene and healthcare associated infections.

Conventionally, various systems and methods exist for monitoring handhygiene. For example, measuring hand wash product consumption patternand manual staff monitoring to determine adherence to hand hygiene.Also, there are several technology assisted direct observation andmonitoring solutions available that are employed to monitor handhygiene. However, the above-mentioned systems and methods suffer fromseveral disadvantages. These systems and methods do not provide amechanism to identify individuals that do not comply with hand hygieneguidelines. Further, the abovementioned system and method are unable todetermine the effectiveness of a particular handwashing instance.Furthermore, the above-mentioned systems and methods do not providereal-time monitoring and reporting of hand hygiene compliance andtherefore do not provide any opportunity to inform the individual incase of improper handwashing. Due to the aforementioned disadvantages,these systems and methods are unreliable, inconsistent, ineffective andtime-consuming.

In light of the above-mentioned disadvantages, there is a need for asystem and method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene. Further,there is a need for system and method that is capable of identifyingindividuals and determining effectiveness of each and every handwashinginstance. Furthermore, there is a need for a system and method that iscapable of real-time monitoring and reporting of hand hygienecompliance. Also, there is a need for a system and method that isreliable, cost efficient, consistent and facilitates organizations andindividuals to efficiently implement and comply with hand hygieneguidelines.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A system and computer-implemented method for efficiently monitoring handhygiene is provided. The system comprises one or more sensors configuredto determine presence of one or more individuals in vicinity. The systemfurther comprises one or more controllers configured to ascertainidentity of the one or more individuals. The one or more controllersfurther configured to send one or more alerts to the one or moreidentified individuals to wash their hands. Furthermore, the one or morecontrollers configured to monitor one or more handwashing instances bythe one or more identified individuals and generate one or morecompliance results for each of the one or more monitored handwashinginstances. The one or more controllers are also configured to initiateone or more actions corresponding to each of the one or more monitoredhandwashing instances based on the generated one or more complianceresults.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more sensorscomprise cameras, beacons, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID)readers, proximity sensors, movement sensors, audio sensors, lightsensors, activity sensors, motion sensors and olfactory sensors. In anembodiment of the present invention, the presence of the one or moreindividuals in vicinity of the one or more sensors is determined bytracking one or more user devices of the one or more individuals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more user devicesare electronic communication devices comprising mobile phones, tabletsand wearable devices. Further, the wearable devices comprise smartwatches, smart glasses, smart bands and fitness bands. In an embodimentof the present invention, the one or more alerts are notificationscomprising a haptic motion, an audio notification and a visualnotification.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more handwashinginstances are monitored using one or more motion sensing technologiescomprising an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer and a camera.In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more complianceresults comprise information which indicates whether the one or moreidentified individuals complied with handwashing guidelines during theone or more handwashing instances. Further, the handwashing guidelinesare a set of minimum requirements with respect to pattern, sequence,timing and energy used during washing for complete hand hygiene andfurther wherein the handwashing guidelines are configurable based onrequirement.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more actionscorresponding to each of the one or more monitored handwashing instancescomprise sending the one or more generated compliance results to atleast one of: one or more user devices, one or more dispensers, a cloudplatform, a server, a web application, an edge computing platform, a fogcomputing platform and an Internet of Things (IoT) platform. In anembodiment of the present invention, the compliance results comprisedata related to washing liquid and chemical levels, dispenser conditionand status of sensors and controllers. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more compliance results are analyzed to generateinsights comprising information related to least and most non-compliantindividuals, gamification, dispenser and controller diagnostics,dispenser refilling prediction and most and least compliant zones andplaces.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprisesa gamification module configured to provide gamification elementscomprising individual scores, leaderboards, rankings, incentive modelsand compliance percentages using the one or more compliance results.

The computer-implemented method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene,via program instructions stored in a memory and executed by a processor,comprises determining presence of one or more individuals in vicinity ofone or more sensors. The computer-implemented method further comprisesascertaining identity of the one or more individuals. Furthermore, thecomputer-implemented method comprises sending one or more alerts to theone or more identified individuals to wash their hands. Also, thecomputer-implemented method comprises monitoring one or more handwashinginstances by the one or more identified individuals. In addition, thecomputer-implemented method comprises generating one or more complianceresults for each of the one or more monitored handwashing instances. Thecomputer-implemented method further comprises initiating one or moreactions corresponding to each of the one or more monitored handwashinginstances based on the generated one or more compliance results.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

The present invention is described by way of embodiments illustrated inthe accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system for efficientlymonitoring hand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for efficiently monitoringhand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;and

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary computer system for efficientlymonitoring hand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A system and method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene is describedherein. The invention provides a system and method that is capable ofidentifying individuals and determining effectiveness of each and everyhandwashing instance. The invention further provides a system and methodthat is capable of real-time monitoring and reporting of hand hygienecompliance. Furthermore, the invention provides a system and method thatis reliable, cost efficient, consistent and facilitates organizationsand individuals to efficiently implement and comply with hand hygieneguidelines.

The following disclosure is provided in order to enable a person havingordinary skill in the art to practice the invention. Exemplaryembodiments are provided only for illustrative purposes and variousmodifications will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.The general principles defined herein may be applied to otherembodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention. Also, the terminology and phraseology used is for thepurpose of describing exemplary embodiments and should not be consideredlimiting. Thus, the present invention is to be accorded the widest scopeencompassing numerous alternatives, modifications and equivalentsconsistent with the principles and features disclosed. For purpose ofclarity, details relating to technical material that is known in thetechnical fields related to the invention have not been described indetail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.

The present invention would now be discussed in context of embodimentsas illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system for efficientlymonitoring hand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention. The system 100 comprises one or more sensors 102, one or moreuser devices 104, one or more dispensers 106, one or more controllers108, one or more platforms 110, one or more servers 112 and a webapplication 114.

The one or more sensors 102 are configured to determine presence of oneor more individuals in its vicinity. The one or more sensors 102include, but not limited to, cameras, beacons, Radio-FrequencyIdentification (RFID) readers, proximity sensors, movement sensors,audio sensors, light sensors, activity sensors, motion sensors andolfactory sensors. Further, the one or more sensors 102 employtechnologies such as, but not limited to, Bluetooth, Infrared andZigbee. In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or moresensors 102 are mounted at entry/exit or at any suitable place inside oroutside of various pre-defined zones within a pre-defined region suchas, but not limited to, a healthcare facility, a kitchen, a restaurant,a food packaging unit, a food processing unit, a school, a cafeteria, ahouse and any other region that requires monitoring of hand hygiene ofthe one or more individuals. In an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more sensors 102 are mounted on doors of thepatient rooms in a hospital. In an embodiment of the present invention,the one or more individuals include, but not limited to, guests,hospital personnel, food processing workers, cooking staff, schoolstaff, restroom workers and users, pharmaceutical room cleaning workersand any person within the pre-defined region.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more sensors 102determine presence of the one or more individuals by tracking the one ormore user devices 104 of the one or more individuals. In an embodimentof the present invention, the one or more user devices 104 are trackedusing different types of data and signals such as, but not limited to,sensing and communication signals, electromagnetic features (such asphase and frequency), antenna IDs, tag IDs, light signatures, audiosignatures and heat signatures. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values receivedfrom the one or more user devices 104 are used to determine presence ofthe one or more individuals. The one or more user devices 104 areelectronic communication devices such as, but not limited to, mobilephones, tablets and wearable devices. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the wearable devices include, but not limited, smart watches,smart glasses, smart bands and fitness bands. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the one or more user devices 104 are speciallydesigned proprietary wearable devices worn by the one or moreindividuals for hand hygiene monitoring. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more user devices 104 include, but not limited to,an RFID tag which is tracked by the RFID reader to determine presence ofthe individual in the vicinity of the RFID reader. In an embodiment ofthe present invention, the one or more user devices 104 comprise motionsensing technologies such as, but not limited to, gyroscope,accelerometer, magnetometer and camera that facilitate in determininghand washing patterns of the individuals for monitoring hand hygiene.

In an embodiment of the present invention, on determining the presenceof the one or more individuals, the one or more sensors 102 ascertainidentity of the one or more individuals using their user devices 104. Inanother embodiment of the present invention, on determining the presenceof the one or more individuals, the one or more sensors 102 send one ormore triggers to the one or more controllers 108. On receiving the oneor more triggers, the one or more controllers 108 facilitateascertaining the identity of the one or more individuals using the oneor more user devices 104 present in the vicinity of the one or moresensors 102 that belong to the one or more individuals. The one or morecontrollers 108 may comprise a database of registered user devicesbelonging to various individuals. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more triggers for communication and assessmentinclude, but not limited to, device details, user identification data,time-stamps, location information and dispenser data. The identificationdata is matched with entries in a pre-stored list of individuals/userdevices and corresponding pre-stored identification data in the databaseof the registered individuals/user devices to ascertain the identity ofthe individual/user device. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, the identification data is used for automatic registration atrun time in case of absence of a corresponding pre-stored identificationdata. In an embodiment of the present invention, determination ofidentity of the individual/user device may happen locally at, but notlimited to, the one or more sensors 102, the one or more user devices104, the one or more dispensers 106, the one or more controllers 108,one or more gateways, one or more processors and one or more servers ora combination thereof.

In an embodiment of the present invention, determination of identity ofthe individual/user device may happen globally at, but not limited to,an Internet of Things (IoT) platform, a cloud platform, an edgecomputing platform, a fog computing platform, the server 112 or acombination thereof. The determination of the identity of theindividual/user device may involve security measures such as, but notlimited to, token passing and usage of public/private keys. In anembodiment of the present invention, the user devices 104 are strictlyassociated to an individual user. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, a particular user device 104 may be shared by multiple userswith a tracking functionality or mechanism defining the currentindividual using the user device 104.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 is capable ofdetermining whether or not the individual is registered. For example, ina healthcare setting such as a hospital, the system 100 is capable ofdetermining if the individual present in the vicinity of the one or moresensors 102 is a healthcare worker or a guest visiting a patient. In anembodiment of the present invention, identification of the one or moreindividual is not mandatory and the system 100 is capable of monitoringhand hygiene compliance irrespective of the identity of the individual.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an individual mayhave two or more user devices 104 such as a mobile phone and a wearabledevice. Further, the mobile phone and the wearable device communicatewith each other via a hand hygiene application, installed on the mobilephone and/or the wearable device, using any appropriate short rangeand/or long range communication protocols such as, but not limited to,Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, ZigBee, LoRa technology- and Wi-Fi. In anembodiment of the present invention, the location of the one or moreindividuals is tracked via their mobile phone or anyCommercial-Of-The-Shelf (COTS) device using location trackingtechnologies such as, but not limited to, Global Positioning System(GPS), WiFI, camera and inertial sensors. Further, the one or moreindividuals are notified to wash their hands via their mobile phone.Furthermore, the mobile phone via the hand hygiene application iscapable of identifying the individual, recording hand washing instancesusing the camera of the individual's mobile phone and forwarding thehandwashing instances to at least one of the controller 108, the server,the cloud platform and the IoT platform in real-time for monitoring.

In an embodiment of the present invention, once the identity of the oneor more individuals is determined, one or more alerts are sent to theone or more identified individuals to wash their hands. In an embodimentof the present invention, the one or more alerts are sent to at leastone of: the one or more user devices 104 of the one or more individualsand to the server 112 for storing. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more alerts are stored as, but not limited to, oneor more log files or within a database using a structured or anunstructured format such as key/value pairs. Further, the hand hygieneapplication is installed on the user device 104 which facilitatescommunication and receives the one or more alerts from the one or morecontrollers 108. In an embodiment of the present invention, the wearabledevice receives the one or more alerts from the one or more controllers108 and is configured to provide notifications in the form of, but notlimited to, haptic motion, audio and visual notifications in order toalert the individual to wash his/her hands.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more controllers108 communicate with the one or more dispensers 106 and turn on a lightor initiate blinking of a light on systems such as, but not limited to,the one or more user devices 104 and the one or more dispensers 106 toalert the one or more individuals in the vicinity of the one or moresensors 102 to wash their hands. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more dispensers 106 initiate an audio alert or avisual alert or both and automatically dispense hand washing product ifthe one or more individuals are standing near the dispenser 106. In casethe one or more individuals are away from the one or more dispensersthen the one or more individuals are notified to wash their hands. Inyet another embodiment of the present invention, the sensor 102 ismounted on the dispenser 106. In yet another embodiment of the presentinvention, the dispenser 106 is capable of performing functionalities ofthe sensor 102 as well. In yet another embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more controllers 108 have the one or more sensors102 installed within them. Further, the one or more sensors 102 may bestationary or movable or installed on a movable platform. In anembodiment of the present invention, the movable platform is a robot.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more dispensers106, using a camera, take a picture or video, record and monitor one ormore hand washing instances by the one or more identified individuals.Further, the camera can also be used for identifying the person usingface recognition prior to monitoring hand washing. Furthermore, thecamera may be installed in any predefined region or near the dispenseror above the dispenser. In another embodiment of the present invention,the one or more dispensers 106 record and monitor the one or morehandwashing instances using one or more motion recognition technologiessuch as, but not limited to, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer andcamera. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on receivingthe one or more alerts to wash their hands, the one or more individualsaccess the hand hygiene application on their mobile phone or personalcomputing device or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) or wearable devicewhich then monitors the one or more hand washing instances by the one ormore identified individuals. In yet another embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more handwashing instances are monitored using theone or more motion sensing technologies such as, but not limited to,accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer and camera residing on, but notlimited to, the wearable device worn by the one or more identifiedindividuals.

The one or more controllers 108 receive data related to the monitoringof the one or more handwashing instances from at least one of: the oneor more sensors 102, the one or more user devices 104 and the one ormore dispensers 106 and generate one or more compliance results for eachof the one or more monitored handwashing instances. The one or morecompliance results include, but not limited to, information whichindicates whether the one or more identified individuals complied withhand washing guidelines during the one or more handwashing instances.The handwashing guidelines are a set of minimum requirements withrespect to but not limited to pattern, sequence, timing (which includestotal and atomic/sub patterns) and energy used during washing forcomplete hand hygiene. Further, the handwashing guidelines areconfigurable and pre-defined in the system 100. Furthermore, thehandwashing guidelines are defined and configured as per requirement ofthe application. In an embodiment of the present invention, thecompliance results also comprise data related to, but not limited to,washing liquid and chemical levels, dispenser condition status ofsensors and controllers and conditions for the purpose of maintainingthe hygiene ecosystem.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more controllers108 comprise a sensing and computing application which uses acombination of various algorithms and techniques such as, but notlimited to, time-series pattern matching and event detection algorithms,Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithms, different distance metrics,clustering and correlation techniques and spectral techniques such asdiscrete Fourier transform for energy computation, key metriccomputation and classifying patterns into different categories orbuckets thereby determining if the one or more identified individualscomplied with the hand hygiene guidelines during the one or moremonitored handwashing instances. The one or more controllers 108 aretrained using various handwashing samples prior to deployment of thesystem 100 and/or during run time. Further, the one or more controllers108 can be trained using edge computing, fog computing or cloud basedtraining with over the air update or deployment to controllers.Furthermore, the handwashing samples are stored in a pattern librarywithin the controller 108. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, the system 100 is trained using different self-learningtechniques or human driven training algorithms. The handwashing samplesinclude different types of handwashing patterns and sequences thateither comply or do not comply with the handwashing guidelines. In anembodiment of the present invention, the samples used for training theone or more controllers 108 include, but not limited to, handwashingpatterns adhering to World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygieneguidelines or any other guidelines or a combination thereof. Further,the system 100 is flexible to handle any hand washing guidelines orcombination thereof. In an embodiment of the present invention, thehandwashing samples are categorized into predefined categories orbuckets such as, but not limited to, vigorous, normal and slow based onpredefined threshold values of one or more features such as, but notlimited to, energy and root mean square. Further, categorization of thehandwashing samples is based on the one or more features and theirpredefined values corresponding to each handwashing sample derived frommotion recognition technologies such as accelerometer, gyroscope,magnetometer and camera. In an embodiment of the present invention, thethresholds for various categories are automatically generated and aresubject to variation based on a specific user population sample asrequired. Further, the handwashing samples of each category areprocessed to determine category features such as, minimum, maximum,median, mode, standard deviation, kurtosis, frequency domain featuresand any other statistical feature and corresponding values. Thethreshold values for determining compliance and non-compliance to handhygiene guidelines are then generated based on the determined categoryfeatures and corresponding values. Further, the threshold logic orbusiness rules scheme for determining compliance or non-compliance tohand hygiene guidelines is based on, but not limited to, one or morestatistical features, learning and pattern evaluation techniques or acombination thereof. In an embodiment of the present invention, thecontroller 108 is capable of, but not limited to, measuring timeduration, characterizing hand movements, characterizing energy employedduring handwashing and evaluating patterns to cover large demographicsand physiology using handwashing samples and generating and storing theresultant data for comparison post deployment. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the controller 108 may use one or more signalprocessing techniques, statistical techniques, neural network algorithmsand machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques or anycombinations thereof to ensure accurate monitoring of the handwashinginstances and compliance to the hand hygiene guidelines.

Once the one or more controllers 108 are trained, the system 100 isdeployed for monitoring handwashing instances in real-time. The one ormore controllers 108 are configured to generate one or more complianceresults for each of the one or more monitored handwashing instances bythe one or more identified individuals. During operation, the data fromthe one or more motion sensing and recognition technologies such as, butnot limited to, the accelerometer, the gyroscope and the magnetometer isprocessed and categorized based on, but not limited to, the root meansquare values and energy computations and then compared with thethreshold values (determined during training phase) for compliance andnon-compliance. Based on the comparison, the one or more controllers 108generate the one or more compliance results for each of the one or moremonitored handwashing instances.

The one or more controllers 108 initiate one or more actionscorresponding to each of the one or more monitored handwashing instancesbased on the one or more generated compliance results. In an embodimentof the present invention, the one or more actions are initiated by theone or more controllers 108 either locally or remotely using pre-storedand configurable process workflows. Further, the one or more actionsinitiated by the one or more controllers 108 include, but not limitedto, sending the one or more generated compliance results to at least oneof: the one or more user devices 104, the one or more dispensers 106,the platform 110, the server 112, the web application 114, the edgecomputing platform, the fog computing platform and the IoT platform. Inan embodiment of the present invention, the generated compliance resultsare provided in the form of, but not limited to, haptic, audio andvisual notifications optionally coupled with, but not limited to,numerical and real-time graph data to the one or more identifiedindividuals. In case of non-compliance to the hand hygiene guidelines bythe one or more identified individuals during a particular handwashinginstance, the system 100 is capable of notifying the one or moreindividuals to rectify the motion pattern while the hand washingprocess/instance is in progress by generating recommendations and/orre-monitoring another handwashing instance.

The controller 108 is also configured to alert the one or moreidentified individuals to wash their hands based on, but not limited to,time elapsed since last monitored handwashing instance, proximity zone,predefined time interval and any other suitable application requirement.In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the system 100is deployed in a hospital, the controller 108 is configured to track andnotify the individual such as, but not limited to, a guest or ahealthcare worker to wash their hands after attending to the patientand/or on exiting the patient room in the manner described in the abovesections of the specification.

In an embodiment of the present invention, once the monitoring of ahandwashing instance is complete, the generated compliance results anddetails of the corresponding one or more actions initiated by thecontroller 108 are forwarded to the server 112 via the platform 110. Theplatform 110 and the server 112 are individually or in combinationconfigured to store the data received from the one or more controllers108. Further, the platform 110 and the server 112 are individually or incombination configured to process, analyze and report the received datato relevant stakeholders in a meaningful format such as, but not limitedto, spreadsheets, reports, diagrams, charts, alerts and notifications.In an embodiment of the present invention, the platform 110 and server112 are individually or in combination configured to generate one ormore compliance reports and one or more recommendation reports. In anexemplary embodiment of the present invention, the platform 110 is acommercial or open-source/proprietary/in-house developed IoT platformsuch as, but not limited to, Carriot, AWS IoT, Microsoft Azure IoT,Google Cloud platform, ThingWorx, IBM Watson, Artik. In an embodiment ofthe present invention, the platform 110 is an Internet of Things (IoT)based platform such as, but not limited to, GE Predix, PTC Thingworx,Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the server 112 is a web server with, but not limitedto, Apache Tomcat, Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) andNginx web server.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may comprisean IoT platform, an edge computing platform and a fog computing platformalong with the server 112. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, an edge computing platform is used for implementing requiredfunctionalities of the platform 110 and server 112. In yet anotherembodiment of the present invention, a fog computing platform is usedfor implementing required functionalities of the platform 110 and server112. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, an IoT platformis used for implementing functionalities of the server 112. In yetanother embodiment of the present invention, all or some of theaforementioned platforms are used with or without the server 112 forcarrying out the functions of the server 112.

The server 112 is accessible to one or more users via the webapplication 114. The web application 114 provides a user interface whichis rendered on one or more electronic communication devices of the oneor more users. The one or more electronic communication devices include,but not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops and desktops. In anexemplary embodiment of the present invention, the one or more usersinclude, but not limited to, one or more employees, one or moresupervisors/managers/compliance officer/administration officers inhospitals, pharmaceutical setups, cafeterias, restaurants, schools, etc.In an embodiment of the present invention, data communication and userinteraction associated with the system 100 and its components is securedusing standard and proprietary solutions such as, but not limited to,encryption, public/private keys, token passing, one time passwords,registration and authentication mechanisms.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the web application 114provides options to the one or more users to filter the complianceresults based on various criteria such as, but not limited to,workplace, time duration, zone, room and designation. The webapplication 114 also provides options to the one or more users to viewsummary and detailed compliance results, recommendations, view detailedcompliance results corresponding to each individual/group and viewdetailed compliance/non-compliance results corresponding to eachhandwashing instance. In an embodiment of the present invention, thegenerated compliance results and corresponding data can be stored andanalytics such as, but not limited to, descriptive, diagnostic,predictive, spatial and prescriptive can be performed to generateinsights. The generated insights may comprise information such as, butnot limited to, most and least non-compliant individuals, gamification,dispenser and controller diagnostics, dispenser refilling prediction,most and least compliant zones and places and the likes. In anembodiment of the present invention, the compliance results andcorresponding data (such as, but not limited to, alerts, notifications,features etc.) are presented, stored and communicated to the one or moreuser devices, the one or more controllers, the IoT platform and the webserver. In another embodiment of the present invention, the complianceresults and corresponding data is published in a social network/platformusing an approval mechanism/process built-in applications on computingsystem/processor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, any application and userdashboard associated with the system 100 such as, but not limited to,the hand hygiene application, the web application and mobile applicationmay be personalized and customized based on their user or role of theuser.

The system 100 is capable of employing any suitable wired or wirelesscommunication mechanisms for interaction between its various components.In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 comprises agamification module that facilitates providing gamification elementssuch as, but not limited to, individual scores, leaderboards, rankings,incentive models and compliance percentages to promote hand hygieneamongst individuals, for training and motivating the individuals withincentives for compliance and to penalize for non-compliance using thecompliance results. In an embodiment of the present invention, thesystem 100 comprise radiation level detection sensor on the wearabledevice that is capable of sounding an alarm whenever the one or moreindividual enters a radiography or radioactive area. In an embodiment ofthe present invention, the wearable device comprises a biological andchemical sensor capable of monitoring environment around the one or moreindividuals. In an embodiment of the present invention, the wearabledevice comprises a microphone capable of capturing conversations such asa doctor's consultation and prescription and converting the same into awritten report using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques suchas, but not limited to, Latent Dirichlet Allocation and deep learningtechniques. In an embodiment of the present invention, the wearabledevice is initially trained for an individual using handwashing samplesof the individual. Further, the handwashing samples may reside on atleast one of: the wearable device, the controller 108, the platform 110and the server 112.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more controllerscommunicate with the server 112 directly without any intermediary or theplatform 110. In another embodiment of the present invention, inbuiltsensing, processing, communication and computing components of the oneor more user devices 104 are used as the controller 108 without the needof a separate controller. In yet another embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more controllers are edge devices. In yet anotherembodiment of the present invention, the one or more controllers 108communicate with one or more edge devices for performing its functions.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for efficiently monitoringhand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

At step 202, presence of one or more individuals in vicinity of one ormore sensors is determined. The one or more sensors include, but notlimited to, cameras, beacons, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID)readers, proximity sensors, movement sensors, audio sensors, lightsensors, activity sensors, motion sensors and olfactory sensors.Further, the one or more sensors employ technologies such as, but notlimited to, Bluetooth, Infrared and Zigbee. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the one or more sensors are mounted at entry/exit orat any suitable location as per the requirements of various pre-definedzones within a pre-defined region such as, but not limited to, ahealthcare facility, a kitchen, a restaurant, a food packaging unit, afood processing unit, a school, a cafeteria, a house and any otherregion that requires monitoring of hand hygiene of the one or moreindividuals. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theone or more sensors are mounted on doors of the patient rooms in ahospital. In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or moreindividuals include, but not limited to, guests, hospital personnel,food processing workers, cooking staff, school staff, restroom workersand users, pharmaceutical room cleaning workers and any person withinthe pre-defined region.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more sensorsdetermine presence of the one or more individuals by tracking one ormore user devices of the one or more individuals. In an embodiment ofthe present invention, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) valuesreceived from the one or more user devices are used to determinepresence of the one or more individuals. The one or more user devicesare electronic communication devices such as, but not limited to, mobilephones, tablets and wearable devices. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the wearable devices include, but not limited, smart watches,smart glasses, smart bands and fitness bands. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the one or more user devices are specially designedproprietary or Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) wearable devices worn bythe one or more individuals for hand hygiene monitoring. In anembodiment of the present invention, the one or more user devicesinclude, but not limited to, an RFID tag which is tracked by the RFIDreader to determine presence of the individual in the vicinity of theRFID reader. In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or moreuser devices comprise motion sensing technologies such as, but notlimited to, gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer and camera thatfacilitate in determining hand washing patterns of the individuals formonitoring hand hygiene.

At step 204, identity of the one or more individuals is ascertained. Inan embodiment of the present invention, on determining presence of theone or more individuals, the one or more sensors ascertain identity ofthe one or more individuals using the one or more user devices presentin the vicinity of the one or more sensors that belong to the one ormore individuals. In another embodiment of the present invention, theone or more sensors generate one or more triggers that facilitate inascertaining the identity of the one or more individuals. Further, theone or more triggers comprise identification data such as, but notlimited to, device ID, serial number, user name, device name, user ID,registration ID. The identification data is matched with a pre-storedlist of user devices and corresponding pre-stored identification data,present in a database of registered user devices belonging to variousindividuals, to ascertain the identity of the individual/user device. Inanother embodiment of the present invention, the identification data isused for automatic registration at run time in case of absence ofcorresponding pre-stored identification data. In an embodiment of thepresent invention, the identification data is gathered through an onlineor an offline registration process and/or updated with applicationsettings either locally or remotely.

In an embodiment of the present invention, determination of identity ofthe individual/user device may happen locally at, but not limited to,the one or more sensors, the one or more user devices, one or moreproprietary or third party devices, one or more gateways, one or moreprocessors and one or more servers, one or more computing platformsand/or combinations thereof with suitable security measures.

In an embodiment of the present invention, determination of identity ofthe individual/user device may happen globally at, but not limited to,an IoT platform, a cloud platform, an edge computing platform, a fogcomputing platform, a server and/or a combination thereof. Thedetermination of the identity of the individual/user device may involvesecurity measures such as, but not limited to, token passing and usageof public/private keys.

At step 206, one or more alerts are sent to the one or more identifiedindividuals to wash their hands. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more alerts are sent to at least one of: the oneor more user devices belonging to the one or more individuals and to theserver for storing as one or more log files or in a suitable formatwithin a database. Further, a hand hygiene application is installed onthe one or more user devices which receives the one or more alerts. Inan embodiment of the present invention, the wearable device of theindividual receives the one or more alerts and provides notifications inthe form of, but not limited to, haptic motion, audio and visualnotifications to alert the individual to wash his/her hands.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more sensors aremounted on one or more dispensers. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more dispensers are electronic devices used fordispensing hand wash product and capable of communicating with the oneor more sensors, the one or more user devices and the one or moreservers. Further, the one or more dispensers are configured to receivethe one or more alerts. On receiving the one or more alerts, a light onthe one or more dispensers is turned on or starts blinking toalert/notify the one or more individuals in the vicinity of the one ormore sensors or the one or more dispensers to wash their hands. Inanother embodiment of the present invention, the one or more dispensersinitiate an audio alert or visual alert and automatically dispense thehand washing product if the one or more individuals are standing nearthe dispenser. In case the one or more individuals are away from thedispenser then the one or more individuals are notified to wash theirhands. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the dispenseris capable of performing functionalities of the sensor as well. In anembodiment of the present invention, the one or more sensors may bestationary or movable or installed on a movable platform. In anembodiment of the present invention, the movable platform is a robot.

At step 208, one or more handwashing instances by the one or moreidentified individuals are monitored. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more dispensers using a pre-installed camera takea picture or video, record and monitor one or more hand washinginstances by the one or more identified individuals. Further, the cameracan also be used for identifying the person using face recognition priorto monitoring hand washing. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, the one or more dispensers record and monitor the one or morehandwashing instances using one or more motion recognition technologiessuch as, but not limited to, an accelerometer, a gyroscope and amagnetometer. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, onreceiving the one or more alerts to wash their hands, the one or moreindividuals access the hand hygiene application on their mobile phone orpersonal computing device or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) orwearable device which then monitors the one or more hand washinginstances by the one or more identified individuals. In yet anotherembodiment of the present invention, the one or more handwashinginstances are monitored by the motion sensing technologies such as, butnot limited to, accelerometer, the gyroscope and the magnetometerresiding on the wearable device worn by the one or more identifiedindividuals.

At step 210, one or more compliance results for each of the one or moremonitored handwashing instances are generated. The one or morecompliance results include, but not limited to, information whichindicates whether the one or more identified individuals complied withhand washing guidelines during the one or more handwashing instances.The handwashing guidelines are a set of minimum requirements withrespect to, but not limited to, pattern, sequence, timing (whichincludes total and atomic for sub patterns) and energy used duringwashing for complete hand hygiene. Further, the handwashing guidelinesare configurable and pre-defined. Furthermore, the handwashingguidelines are defined and configured based on requirement of theapplication.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a sensing and computingapplication which uses a combination of various algorithms andtechniques such as, but not limited to, time-series pattern matching andevent detection algorithms, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithms,different distance metrics, clustering and correlation techniques andspectral techniques such as discrete Fourier transform are used forenergy computation and classifying patterns into different categories orbuckets thereby determining if the one or more identified individualscomplied with the hand hygiene guidelines during the one or moremonitored handwashing instances.

Various handwashing samples are used for training in order to determinecompliance to hand hygiene guidelines. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, any suitable platform such as, but not limited to, edgecomputing, fog computing, cloud computing is used for training prior todeployment and/or training at run time. In another embodiment of thepresent invention, different self-learning techniques or human driventraining algorithms are used for training. The handwashing samplesinclude different types of handwashing patterns and sequences thateither comply or do not comply with the handwashing guidelines. In anembodiment of the present invention, the samples used for traininginclude, but not limited to, handwashing patterns adhering to WorldHealth Organization (WHO) hand hygiene guidelines or any otherguidelines or a combination thereof. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the handwashing samples are categorized into predefinedcategories or buckets such as, but not limited to, vigorous, normal andslow based on predefined threshold values of one or more features suchas, but not limited to, energy and root mean square. Further,categorization of the handwashing samples is based on the one or morefeatures and their predefined values corresponding to each handwashingsample derived from motion recognition technologies such as theaccelerometer, the gyroscope and the magnetometer. In an embodiment ofthe present invention, the thresholds for various categories areautomatically generated and are subject to variation based on a specificuser population sample. Further, the handwashing samples of eachcategory are processed to determine category features such as, minimum,maximum, median, mode, standard deviation, kurtosis, frequency domainfeatures and any other statistical feature and corresponding values. Thethreshold values for determining compliance and non-compliance to handhygiene guidelines are then generated based on the determined categoryfeatures and corresponding values. Further, the threshold logic orbusiness rules scheme for determining compliance or non-compliance tohand hygiene guidelines is based on one or more learning, statisticaland pattern evaluation and artificial intelligence techniques or acombination thereof.

Once the training phase is complete, handwashing instances are monitoredin real-time using the one or more motion sensing and recognitiontechniques. The values generated corresponding to the handwashinginstances are compared with pre-stored threshold values corresponding tovarious categories for determining compliance and non-compliance to handhygiene guidelines and generating compliance results. In an embodimentof the present invention, one or more proprietary feature extractionalgorithms, one or more thresholds, one or more neural networkalgorithms and machine learning, statistical and artificial intelligencetechniques or combination thereof are used to ensure accurate monitoringof the handwashing instances and compliance to the hand hygieneguidelines.

During operation, the data from the one or more motion sensing andrecognition technologies such as, but not limited to, the accelerometer,the gyroscope and the magnetometer is processed and categorized based onfeatures such as, but not limited to, the root mean square values andenergy computations and then compared with the threshold values(determined during training phase) for compliance and non-compliance.Based on the comparison, the one or more compliance results aregenerated for each of the one or more monitored handwashing instances.In an embodiment of the present invention, compliance results alsocomprise data related to washing liquid and chemical levels, dispensercondition and status of sensors and controllers.

At step 212, one or more actions corresponding to each of the one ormore monitored handwashing instances are initiated based on thegenerated one or more compliance results. Further, the one or moreactions are initiated either locally or remotely using pre-stored andconfigurable process workflows. Furthermore, the one or more initiatedactions include, but not limited to, sending the generated complianceresults to at least one of: the one or more user devices, the one ormore dispensers, the cloud platform, the server, the web application,the edge computing platform, the fog computing platform and the IoTplatform. In an embodiment of the present invention, the generatedcompliance results are provided in the form of, but not limited to,haptic notifications, audio notifications, visual notifications and oneor more reports or any combinations thereof to the one or moreidentified individuals. In case of non-compliance to the hand hygieneguidelines by the one or more identified individuals during a particularhandwashing instance, the one or more individuals are either notified torectify the motion pattern while the hand washing process/instance is inprogress by providing real-time recommendations and/or are notified torestart hand washing which is then monitored as a new handwashinginstance.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the compliance results areanalyzed to generate insights comprising information related to most andleast non-compliant individuals, gamification, dispenser and controllerdiagnostics, dispenser refilling prediction, most and least compliantzones and places.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary computer system for efficientlymonitoring hand hygiene, in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

The computer system 302 comprises a processor 304 and a memory 306. Theprocessor 304 executes program instructions and may be a real processor.The processor 304 may also be a virtual processor, a remote processor ora combination of different computing elements. The computer system 302is not intended to suggest any limitation as to scope of use orfunctionality of described embodiments. For example, the computer system302 may include, but not limited to, a general-purpose computer, aprogrammed microprocessor, a micro-controller, a peripheral integratedcircuit element, and other devices or arrangements of devices that arecapable of implementing the steps that constitute the method of thepresent invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the memory306 may store data, settings and software for implementing variousembodiments of the present invention. The computer system 302 may haveadditional components. For example, the computer system 302 includes oneor more communication channels 308, one or more input devices 310, oneor more output devices 312, and storage 314. An interconnectionmechanism (not shown) such as a bus, controller, or network,interconnects the components of the computer system 302. In variousembodiments of the present invention, operating system software (notshown) provides an operating environment for various softwares executingin the computer system 302, and manages different functionalities of thecomponents of the computer system 302. In various embodiments of thepresent invention, the computer system 302 comprise a virtual machineand/or virtualization and orchestration layers if required. The computersystem 302 may also connect to different input and output devices suchas, but not limited to, sensors, actuators and datacommunication/notification mechanisms.

The communication channel(s) 308 allow communication over acommunication medium to various other computing entities. Thecommunication medium provides information such as program instructions,or other data in a communication media. The communication mediaincludes, but not limited to, wired or wireless methodologiesimplemented with an electrical, optical, RF, infrared, acoustic,microwave, bluetooth or other transmission media.

The input device(s) 310 may include, but not limited to, a keyboard,mouse, pen, joystick, trackball, a voice device, a scanning device, orany another device that is capable of providing input to the computersystem 302. In an embodiment of the present invention, the inputdevice(s) 310 may be a sound card or similar device that accepts audioinput in analog or digital form. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the input device(s) 310 may be a touch sensor, aproximity/gesture sensor or a similar device. The output device(s) 312may include, but not limited to, a user interface on CRT or LCD,printer, speaker, CD/DVD writer, or any other device that providesoutput from the computer system 302.

The storage 314 may include, but not limited to, magnetic disks,magnetic tapes, CD-ROMs, CD-RWs, DVDs, SSD, USB disc, memory card, flashdrives or any other medium which can be used to store information andcan be accessed by the computer system 302. In various embodiments ofthe present invention, the storage 314 contains program instructions forimplementing the described embodiments.

The present invention may suitably be embodied as a computer programproduct for use with the computer system 302. The method describedherein is typically implemented as a computer program product,comprising a set of program instructions which is executed by thecomputer system 302 or any other similar device. The set of programinstructions may be a series of computer readable codes stored on atangible medium, such as a computer readable storage medium (storage314), for example, diskette, CD-ROM, ROM, flash drives or hard disk, ortransmittable to the computer system 302, via a modem or other interfacedevice, over either a tangible medium, including but not limited tooptical or analogue communications channel(s) 308. The implementation ofthe invention as a computer program product may be in an intangible formusing wireless techniques, including but not limited to microwave,infrared, bluetooth or other transmission techniques. These instructionscan be preloaded into a system or recorded on a storage medium such as aCD-ROM, or made available for downloading over a network such as theinternet or a mobile telephone network or as an Over The Air (OTA)update. The series of computer readable instructions may embody all orpart of the functionality previously described herein.

The present invention may be implemented in numerous ways including asan apparatus, method, or a computer program product such as a computerreadable storage medium or a computer network wherein programminginstructions are communicated from a remote location.

While the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are describedand illustrated herein, it will be appreciated that they are merelyillustrative. It will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious modifications in form and detail may be made therein withoutdeparting from or offending the spirit and scope of the invention asdefined by the appended claims.

We claim:
 1. A system for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene, thesystem comprising: one or more sensors configured to determine presenceof one or more individuals based on Received Signal Strength Indicator(RSSI) values received from one or more user devices associated with theindividuals; and one or more controllers configured to: send one or morealerts to the one or more individuals to wash hands, wherein upondetermination of the presence of the individuals associated with theuser devices, the one or more sensors sends a trigger to the one or morecontrollers to communicate with at least one of: one or more dispensersand the user devices to alert the individuals to wash hands; monitor oneor more handwashing instances of the one or more individuals inreal-time by at least one of: the dispenser, a hand hygiene applicationin the user devices associated with the individual based on trainingcarried out using handwashing samples, wherein the handwashing samplesrepresent compliances and non-compliances with handwashing patterns andsequences associated with handwashing guidelines; generate one or morecompliance results for each of the one or more monitored handwashinginstances based on comparison between data from the one or more userdevices, including motion sensing and recognition technologies, andpre-defined threshold values associated with the compliances and thenon-compliances of the handwashing guidelines; and initiate one or moreactions corresponding to each of the one or more monitored handwashinginstances using pre-stored configurable workflows based on the generatedone or more compliance results.
 2. The system as claimed in claim 1,wherein the trigger comprises at least one of: details of the userdevices, identification data of the individuals, time-stamps, locationinformation and dispenser data.
 3. The system as claimed in claim 1,wherein the one or more controllers ascertain identity of theindividuals globally at an Internet of Things (IoT) platform, a cloudplatform, an edge computing platform, a fog computing platform and aserver.
 4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or morecontrollers communicate with the one or more dispensers and the userdevices by at least one of: turning on a light on the user devices andthe dispensers or by initiating blinking of a light on the user devicesand the dispensers if the individual is in a vicinity of the dispenser,and the individuals are alerted by a notification to wash hands if theindividuals are not in the vicinity of the dispenser.
 5. The system asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more controllers communicate withthe dispenser to send an alert via an audio alert, a visual alert and anautomatic dispensing of hand washing product if the individuals are in avicinity of the dispenser.
 6. The system as claimed in claim 1, whereinthe compliance of handwashing guidelines is determined based on at leasttime-series pattern matching and event detection algorithms, DynamicTime Warping (DTW) algorithms, different distance metrics, clusteringand correlation techniques and spectral techniques.
 7. The system asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the handwashing samples are categorized intopredefined categories comprising at least one of: vigorous, normal andslow based on the predefined threshold values.
 8. The system as claimedin claim 1, wherein the data from the motion sensing and recognitiontechnologies of the user devices is processed and categorized based onenergy computations and root mean square values.
 9. The system asclaimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-defined threshold values aregenerated based on features of the handwashing samples includingminimum, maximum, median, mode, standard deviation, kurtosis, frequencydomain features and statistical features, and the corresponding values.10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more sensorscomprise cameras, beacons, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID)readers, proximity sensors, movement sensors, audio sensors, lightsensors, activity sensors, motion sensors and olfactory sensors.
 11. Thesystem as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more compliance resultsare analyzed to generate insights comprising information related toleast and most non-compliant individuals, gamification, the dispenserand controller diagnostics, the dispenser refilling prediction and mostand least compliant zones and places.
 12. The system as claimed in claim1, wherein the one or more controllers provide one or more gamificationelements comprising individual scores, leaderboards, rankings, incentivemodels and compliance percentages using the one or more complianceresults.
 13. A method for efficiently monitoring hand hygiene, whereinthe method is implemented by a processor executing instructions storedin a memory, the method comprising: determining presence of one or moreindividuals by one or more sensors based on Received Signal StrengthIndicator (RSSI) values received from one or more user devicesassociated with the individuals; sending one or more alerts to the oneor more individuals to wash hands, wherein upon determination of thepresence of the individuals associated with the user devices, the one ormore sensors sends a trigger to the one or more controllers tocommunicate with at least one of: one or more dispensers and the userdevices to alert the individuals to wash hands; monitoring one or morehandwashing instances by the one or more individuals in real-time by atleast one of: the dispenser, a hand hygiene application in the userdevices associated with the individual based on training carried outusing handwashing samples, wherein the handwashing samples representcompliances and non-compliances with handwashing patterns and sequencesassociated with handwashing guidelines; generating one or morecompliance results for each of the one or more monitored handwashinginstances based on comparison between data from the one or more userdevices, including motion sensing and recognition technologies, andpre-defined threshold values associated with the compliances and thenon-compliances of the handwashing guidelines; and initiating one ormore actions corresponding to each of the one or more monitoredhandwashing instances using pre-stored configurable workflows based onthe generated one or more compliance results.
 14. The method as claimedin claim 13, wherein the triggers comprises at least one of: details ofthe user devices, user identification data of the individuals,time-stamps, location information and dispenser data.
 15. The method asclaimed in claim 13, wherein one or more controllers ascertain identityof the individuals globally at an Internet of Things (IoT) platform, acloud platform, an edge computing platform, a fog computing platform anda server.
 16. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the one or morecontrollers communicate with the one or more dispensers and the userdevices by at least one of: turning on a light on one or more userdevices and the one or more dispensers, initiate blinking of a light onthe user devices and the dispensers if the individuals are in a vicinityof the dispenser, and the individuals are alerted by a notification towash hands if the individuals are not in the vicinity of the dispenser.17. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the one or morecontrollers communicate with the dispenser to send an alert via an audioalert, a visual alert and an automatic dispensing of hand washingproduct, if the individuals are in a vicinity of the dispenser.
 18. Themethod as claimed in claim 13, wherein the compliance of handwashingguidelines is determined based on at least time-series pattern matchingand event detection algorithms, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithms,different distance metrics, clustering and correlation techniques andspectral techniques.
 19. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein thehandwashing samples are categorized into predefined categoriescomprising at least one of: vigorous, normal and slow based on thepredefined threshold values.
 20. The method as claimed in claim 13,wherein the data from the one or more motion sensing and recognitiontechnologies is processed and categorized based on energy computationsand root mean square.
 21. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein thepre-defined threshold values are generated based on features of thehandwashing samples including minimum, maximum, median, mode, standarddeviation, kurtosis, frequency domain features and statistical features,and the corresponding values.
 22. The method as claimed in claim 13,wherein the one or more compliance results are analyzed to generateinsights comprising information related to least and most non-compliantindividuals, gamification, the dispenser and controller diagnostics, thedispenser refilling prediction and most and least compliant zones andplaces.
 23. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the methodcomprises providing one or more gamification elements comprisingindividual scores, leaderboards, rankings, incentive models andcompliance percentages using the one or more compliance results.